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At the time of the census during June 1996, the population of Canada was 28,8 million inhabitants, that is an increase of 1,5 million, or 5,7 % since the census of June 1991. The cause of this growth in population was immigration and the natural growth (births minus death). Between 1991 and 1996, the population of Canada had an average annual growth rate of 1,1 %, which is one of the highest of all G-7 countries. Canada represents approximately 0,5 % of the population of the planet.

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In such a huge territory, the weather greatly differs depending on location.  Cold icecaps, permanently frozen in the 70th north parallel, clearly separate the luxurious vegetation of the West coast of British Colombia. However, Canada in general, has four seasons quite distinct, especially in the areas close to the American border.  In the summer,  maximum temperatures can reach 35° C, while in winter, the minimum can reach -25° C. In spring and autumn, the temperatures are softer.

The census data of 1991 indicate that English is the mother tongue of 16,1 million Canadians and that French is the language of 6,5 million. They are the two official languages of Canada. However, many Canadians have another mother tongue than English or French: Italian, Chinese, German, Portuguese, Polish, Ukrainian, Dutch, Greek, etc. In 1991, 193 000 Canadians affirmed to have another mother tongue  language. >From 1951 to 1991, English-French bilingualism increased considerably in Canada. The number of bilingual Canadians more than doubled for this period, increasing from 1,7 million to 4,4 million, while the proportion passed from 12 to 16%.

• Voltage : 110 volts

• Driving: to the right

• National holiday: July 1st 

• Country's saying: From one Ocean to Another

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Quebec Roast duck

Ingredients

• 1 duck 

• 3 apples of average size 

• 1 cup of apple juice cup

• a pinch of salt and pepper 

• a pinch of clove ground 

• a pinch of cinnamon and nutmeg 

• a pinch a mustard 

• 1 onion 

• some salted bacon

Preparation

1. peel and divide apples in four. 

2. roll each piece in the mixture of salt, pepper, nail, grooves, nutmeg and mustard 

3. stuff the duck with prepared apples, place it in a cast iron with the apple juice and sliced onion, and  put 2 thin bacon slices on the breasts.

4. Cook in the furnace at 235°C for half hour and sprinkle 3 or 4 times

5. the duck must always cook with an open cover, in a hot furnace. 

6. The sauce is made in same manner as the chicken sauce

With its large 9 970 610 km² superficies, Canada is the second largest country in the world, behind Russia. It occupies 7 % of the surface of the Earth and has 9% of its fresh water reserves. Canada includes more than nine million square kilometers of ground and 755,000 square kilometers of fresh water. 

Provinces and territories:
There is ten provinces and 3 territories in Canada, each with its own capital. (the capitals are identified between brackets). Alberta (Edmonton); Colombia-British (Victoria); Island-of-Prince Édouard (Charlottetown); Manitoba (Winnipeg); New Brunswick (Fredericton); News-Scotland (Halifax); Ontario (Toronto); Quebec (Quebec); Saskatchewan (Regina); Newfoundland (St John' S); Territories of the North-West (Yellowknife) and Yukon (Whitehorse). Since April 1, 1999, Canada counts a new territory in the North, following the division of the Territories of the North-West. Two thirds of the current grounds at the east of the Territories of the North-West are known under the name of Nunavut, which means " our ground " in the language of Inuits, the inuktitut.

The creation of this new territory is the result of an agreement between Inuits and the Canadian government. Nunavut whose surface is 2 242 000 square kilometers, has a population of 21 250 people. The largest towns are Iqaluit (population of 4 300 in 1995) and the hamlet of Rankin Inlet (population of 2 100 inhabitants). The Canadian territory is astonishing by its great diversity: fertile plains favorable for agriculture, vast mountains, lakes and rivers. In the North, the tundra of the Arctic succeeds wild forests.

Ottawa, founded in 1809 under the name of By town in homage of colonel By (its founder) was renamed in 1854. In 1857, queen Victoria chose it as capital of the country, thus regulating the competition between Montreal and Toronto. Ottawa is dominated by Parliament buildings, rebuilt after the fire of 1916. It shelters the National Museum, the national library and the Public records. There is also many parks and walkways maintained by the national capital commission .